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Can migraine damage the inner ear?

H Lee¹, I Lopez, A Ishiyama

¹Department of Neurology, Box 951769, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA.

Archives of Neurology

|November 14, 2000

Summary

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Migraine patients can experience hearing loss and vertigo. This case study links sudden deafness to ischemia and delayed Meniere's disease to inner ear damage, offering insights into migraine-related auditory and vestibular symptoms.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Otolaryngology
Pathology

Background:

Migraine is frequently associated with auditory and vestibular symptoms.
The underlying mechanisms of these symptoms in migraine patients remain poorly understood.

Observation:

A patient with a history of migraine with aura developed sudden left-sided hearing loss at age 50.
The same patient later experienced Meniere's disease in the right ear at age 73 and drop attacks at age 76.
Post-mortem examination of the brain and temporal bones was performed.

Findings:

The left cochlea revealed fibrosis, suggesting an old infarction possibly linked to migraine-associated vasospasm.
The right inner ear exhibited hydrops, with hair cell loss observed in the utricular macule.

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The brain and cerebrovasculature showed no abnormalities.

Implications:

Sudden deafness in migraine may stem from ischemic events.
Delayed endolymphatic hydrops can develop years after initial inner ear insult.
Otolithic crises might result from utricular macule damage due to membrane collapse.