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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2026

An Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy Designed to Minimize Anastomotic Complications and Optimize Conduit Function
09:40

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Racial differences in access to high-quality cardiac surgeons.

D B Mukamel1, A S Murthy, D L Weimer

  • 1Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA. dana_mukamel@urmc.rochester.edu

American Journal of Public Health
|November 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Racial minorities with cardiac artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery access in New York were more likely to receive care from lower-quality surgeons, indicating disparities in provider selection even when access is granted.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Surgical Quality
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Racial disparities in access to cardiac artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery are established.
  • Previous research has not fully explored racial differences in the quality of cardiac surgeons providing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial disparities in access to high-quality cardiac surgeons for CABG procedures.
  • To determine if race influences the quality of surgeons accessed by patients undergoing CABG surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 11,296 CABG surgeries in New York State from 1996.
  • Utilized regression techniques to assess the relationship between patient race, insurance type (HMO vs. fee-for-service), and surgeon quality.
  • Surgeon quality was measured by risk-adjusted mortality rate (RAMR).

Main Results:

  • Non-White patients were more likely than White patients to be treated by higher RAMR surgeons.
  • This disparity was observed in both Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) enrollees (11.7% higher likelihood, P < .1) and fee-for-service enrollees (5.4% higher likelihood, P < .05).

Conclusions:

  • Racial minorities undergoing CABG surgery are disproportionately likely to receive care from lower-quality providers, even when they gain access to services.
  • These findings highlight significant inequities in the quality of surgical care based on race.