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Dermal hypoesthesia after total knee arthroplasty.

D F Johnson1, D T Love, B R Love

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Australia.

American Journal of Orthopedics (Belle Mead, N.J.)
|November 18, 2000
PubMed
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Dermal hypoesthesia, or reduced skin sensation, is common after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Sensation loss typically occurs near the incision and gradually improves over two years post-surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurosurgery
  • Surgical outcomes

Background:

  • Dermal hypoesthesia is a known complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
  • The extent and natural history of this sensory deficit are not well-documented.
  • Understanding hypoesthesia is crucial for managing patient expectations and improving surgical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and affected area of dermal hypoesthesia after TKA.
  • To evaluate the changes in hypoesthetic areas over time.
  • To quantify residual sensory deficits at two years post-surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of 35 knees in 26 patients undergoing TKA.
  • In situ assessment of hypoesthetic areas.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Longitudinal measurement of sensory changes over a two-year period.

    • Main Results:

    • All evaluated knees exhibited dermal hypoesthesia.
    • The affected area was consistently located lateral to the medial parapatellar incision.
    • A significant 71% reduction in the size of the hypoesthetic area was observed within the first two years.
    • A mean residual hypoesthetic area of 33 cm2 persisted at the two-year mark.

    Conclusions:

    • Dermal hypoesthesia is an unavoidable outcome of TKA.
    • The sensory deficit demonstrates a significant, albeit incomplete, recovery over two years.
    • The findings highlight the need for further research into mitigating TKA-related sensory nerve complications.