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Dietary salt restriction improves pulmonary function in exercise-induced asthma.

R W Gotshall1, T D Mickleborough, L Cordain

  • 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523-1582, USA. gotshall@cahs.colostate.edu

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|November 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) may benefit from reduced dietary salt. A low-salt diet improved post-exercise lung function in EIA subjects, while a high-salt diet worsened it.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Nutritional Science
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) affects most individuals with asthma, yet its mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Epidemiological data suggest a potential link between dietary salt intake and airway hyperresponsiveness.
  • Understanding modifiable factors like diet is crucial for managing EIA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying dietary salt (sodium chloride) intake on pulmonary function in individuals with EIA.
  • To compare the effects of low-salt, normal-salt, and high-salt diets on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, crossover study involving eight EIA subjects and eight healthy controls.
  • Pulmonary function tests were conducted pre- and post-exercise after 2-week dietary interventions (low, normal, high salt).

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  • A 1-week washout period separated each dietary phase.

    • Main Results:

    • Dietary salt manipulation did not affect pre-exercise lung function in either group.
    • In EIA subjects, a low-salt diet improved post-exercise pulmonary function, while a high-salt diet exacerbated it.
    • Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) showed significant improvements on the low-salt diet in EIA subjects compared to normal and high-salt diets.

    Conclusions:

    • Lowering dietary salt intake may be a beneficial strategy for managing exercise-induced asthma.
    • Dietary salt modification presents a potential non-pharmacological approach to improve lung function in EIA.
    • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.