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Critical petermann K factor for intensity noise squeezing

van Der Lee AM1, van Druten NJ, van Exter MP

  • 1Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|November 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary

The Petermann-excess-noise factor significantly limits laser light squeezing. Squeezing becomes impossible when this factor exceeds 1.5, hindering sub-shot-noise light generation in practical lasers.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Laser physics

Background:

  • Standard quantum limit for laser light intensity noise.
  • Importance of noise squeezing for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of the Petermann-excess-noise factor (K) on intensity noise squeezing.
  • Determine the theoretical and experimental limits of squeezing due to K.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an N-mode theoretical model.
  • Performed experimental validation of theoretical predictions.

Main Results:

  • Squeezing is limited to a floor level of 2(K-1) times the shot noise limit.
  • Squeezing becomes impossible for K values greater than or equal to 1.5.
  • Demonstrated significant impedance to squeezing even with modest K values.

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Conclusions:

  • The Petermann-excess-noise factor poses a serious limitation for achieving sub-shot-noise light in semiconductor lasers.
  • Practical generation of squeezed laser light is significantly constrained by K.
  • Experimental evidence supports the theoretical findings on noise squeezing limitations.