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Composite defect extends analogy between cosmology and 3He

Eltsov1, Kibble, Krusius

  • 1Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT Espoo, Finland and Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, Kosygina 2, 117334 Moscow, Russia.

Physical Review Letters
|November 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Spin-mass vortices observed in superfluid 3He-B provide experimental evidence for the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. This mechanism, which describes defect formation, suggests similar processes may have occurred in the early Universe.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Superfluidity in Helium-3 (3He-B) involves complex quantum phenomena.
  • Defect formation in phase transitions is a key concept in physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of spin-mass vortices in rotating superfluid 3He-B.
  • To connect experimental observations with cosmological defect formation theories.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of spin-mass vortex formation after neutron absorption in superfluid 3He-B.
  • Analysis of the composite structure of spin-mass vortices (planar soliton/linear core).

Main Results:

  • Spin-mass vortices were successfully observed in rotating superfluid 3He-B.

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  • The observed vortex structure aligns with theoretical predictions.

    • Conclusions:

    • The experimental findings support the Kibble-Zurek mechanism as a model for defect formation.
    • Analogous defect formation processes may have occurred in the early Universe, impacting cosmological structures.