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[Acardius acephalus. Description of a case].

J Torres Borrego1, J Guzmán Cabañas, J E Arjona Berral

  • 1Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba. jtorbo@terra.es

Anales Espanoles De Pediatria
|November 21, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a rare twin pregnancy complication where one twin was acardiac and acephalic, impacting the co-twin's health. Early diagnosis of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is crucial for managing the healthy twin.

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Monochorionic-diamniotic twin gestations involve connected placental circulations.
  • Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) encompasses a spectrum of vascular anastomoses between fetuses.
  • Vascular connections can lead to severe fetal complications, including acardia and acephalus.

Observation:

  • A case of monochorionic-diamniotic twins is presented, with one fetus exhibiting acardia and acephalus.
  • The co-twin experienced significant infectious, hematological, and neurological complications.
  • The acardiac twin's condition placed a substantial burden on the pump twin's cardiovascular system.

Findings:

  • The acardiac twin is supplied by the pump twin, who risks heart failure.

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  • Recipient twins can present with lethal anomalies like acardia or acephalus.
  • Associated conditions in the acardiac twin may include single umbilical artery or chromosomal anomalies.

    • Implications:

    • Early diagnosis of TTTS is critical for timely intervention.
    • Management strategies should prioritize the well-being of the surviving or pump twin.
    • Understanding the pathophysiology of TTTS aids in predicting and mitigating fetal complications.