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Related Experiment Videos

Folate and homocysteine.

I S Young1, J V Woodside

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Science, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|November 21, 2000
PubMed
Summary

High homocysteine levels are linked to cardiovascular disease risk. Supplementing with folate and B vitamins lowers homocysteine and improves blood vessel function, but clinical trial results are pending.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Renal Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperhomocysteinaemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Elevated plasma total homocysteine is observed in renal impairment, potentially as a consequence of CVD.
  • Plasma total homocysteine may promote CVD via effects on endothelial function and coagulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of hyperhomocysteinaemia in cardiovascular disease.
  • To investigate the impact of B-group vitamins and genetic factors on homocysteine metabolism.
  • To assess the efficacy of vitamin supplementation on homocysteine levels and endothelial function.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological studies identified hyperhomocysteinaemia as a CVD risk factor.
  • Analysis of factors influencing plasma total homocysteine, including renal function, B-group vitamins (especially folate), and gene polymorphisms.
  • Review of studies on vitamin supplementation and its effects on homocysteine and endothelial function.

Main Results:

  • Folate and B-vitamin supplementation effectively reduces total plasma homocysteine levels.
  • Vitamin supplementation has been shown to improve endothelial function.
  • The precise impact of these interventions on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality requires further clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperhomocysteinaemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • B-group vitamins, particularly folate, play a crucial role in homocysteine metabolism and cardiovascular health.
  • Further clinical trials are necessary to confirm the cardiovascular benefits of homocysteine-lowering therapies.

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