Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

A Reproducible Cartilage Impact Model to Generate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit
Published on: November 21, 2023
Traumatic occipital condyle fractures
B Cirak1, G Akpinar, S Palaoglu
1Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi Arastirma Hastanesi, Beyin Cerrahisi, Van, Turkey.
Abstract:
Trauma to the brain or calvaria may cause some cranial nerve damage. This may be transitory or permanent. Occipital condyle fracture (OCF) is a rarely encountered pathology not easily diagnosed by routine clinical and radiological evaluation and one of the causes of lower cranial nerve disability. Frequently, the hypoglossal nerve is involved. Here we present two cases of OCF caused by motor vehicle accidents. Both of the patients complained of dysphagia and voice disturbance. After detailed neurologic and radiologic evaluation, they were diagnosed with OCF. They were both treated conservatively. OCF as a cause of lower cranial nerve damage is rarely reported. Since it is hard to diagnose OCF by routine cranial and cervical evaluation, detailed radiological study in suspected cases is a must. Since one of our patients was admitted 6 years after the trauma, this article is also noteworthy as a report on radiological changes of the OCF.
Related Concept Videos
Traumatic Memory
Fractures: Bone Repair
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...

