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Test-retest reliability of lower extremity functional instability measures.

T B Birmingham1

  • 1Elborn College, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. tbirming@julian.uwo.ca

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
|November 22, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This study found that more challenging standing balance tests, like those with eyes closed or after a hop, are reliable for assessing lower extremity functional instability. These tests better reflect an individual's overall functional performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Lower extremity functional instability is a common issue affecting athletic performance and injury risk.
  • Reliable and valid measures are crucial for assessing this condition and guiding rehabilitation.
  • Existing tests vary in complexity, necessitating an evaluation of their reliability and relationship to functional tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the test-retest reliability of lower extremity functional instability measures across varying complexities.
  • To examine the relationship between these measures and a maximal single-limb forward hop for distance.

Main Methods:

  • A repeated measures design was employed with 30 healthy young adults.
  • Subjects performed single-limb standing balance tests (eyes open/closed, stable/unstable surfaces) and a forward hop test on two separate occasions within a week.

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  • Standing balance was assessed using a force platform.

    • Main Results:

    • Intraclass correlation coefficients for standing balance tests ranged from moderate to excellent (0.41–0.91), indicating good reliability for group comparisons.
    • A 10–30% change in performance was needed to confidently detect true individual changes.
    • Stronger correlations were found between hop distance and more challenging balance tests (eyes closed: r = -0.63; post-hop: r = -0.53).

    Conclusions:

    • Standing balance tests demonstrate good to excellent test-retest reliability, making them suitable for assessing functional instability.
    • More complex balance tests, particularly those challenging postural control, show stronger associations with functional performance like hopping.
    • These findings support the use of challenging balance assessments in evaluating lower extremity function.