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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Published on: January 23, 2017

Some acoustic characteristics in the voices of 6- to 10-year-old children and adults: a comparative sex and

S P Whiteside¹, C Hodgson

¹Department of Human Communication Sciences, University of Sheffield, UK. s.whiteside@sheffield.ac.uk

Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology

|November 22, 2000

Summary

Vocal tract development shows significant age and sex differences in acoustic parameters like fundamental frequency and formants. These changes reflect vocal maturation from childhood to adulthood.

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Area of Science:

Speech Acoustics
Developmental Phonetics
Vocal Physiology

Background:

Acoustic characteristics of children's voices are crucial for understanding vocal development.
Previous research has identified specific acoustic patterns in young children's voices.
Comparing children's voices to adults provides insights into maturation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age and sex differences in vocal acoustic parameters.
To compare acoustic data between children and adults.
To examine the influence of phonetic context on vocal acoustics.

Main Methods:

Analysis of fundamental frequency (F0) and its standard deviation (SD) in phrase-final vowels.
Measurement of the first three formant frequencies at vowel midpoints.
Comparison of acoustic parameters across different age groups (children vs. adults) and sexes.
Investigation of phonetic context effects (e.g., "jar", "bar").

Main Results:

Significant age-related decreases in acoustic parameter frequency values were observed.
Females exhibited higher formant frequency values than males across all ages.
Phonetic context significantly affected the second formant frequency, with "jar" yielding higher values than "bar".

Conclusions:

Vocal apparatus development exhibits distinct age- and sex-linked patterns.
Acoustic changes reflect the maturation of the vocal tract from childhood to adulthood.
Developmental patterns appear consistent across different phonetic contexts.