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Surface instability in windblown sand.

D A Kurtze1, J A Both, D C Hong

  • 1Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5566, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics
|November 23, 2000
PubMed
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This study models windblown sand ripple formation using saltation and grain relaxation. Nonlinear analysis reveals ripple propagation speed and harmonic characteristics, showing excellent agreement with simulations near instability onset.

Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Windblown sand exhibits complex ripple patterns.
  • Understanding ripple dynamics is crucial for geomorphology and sediment transport.
  • Previous models often simplify the underlying physical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation and dynamics of windblown sand ripples.
  • To analyze the nonlinear behavior of ripple patterns.
  • To validate theoretical models with numerical simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the one-dimensional model of Nishimori and Ouchi, incorporating saltation and grain relaxation.
  • Performed nonlinear analysis to determine ripple propagation speed and harmonic amplitudes/phases.

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  • Conducted numerical simulations to compare with theoretical predictions.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified the propagation speed of restabilized ripple patterns.
    • Quantified the amplitudes and phases of the first, second, and third harmonics of ripples.
    • Demonstrated excellent agreement between theoretical predictions and numerical simulations near the instability onset.
    • Determined the Eckhaus boundary for ripple pattern stability.

    Conclusions:

    • The Nishimori and Ouchi model accurately captures key aspects of windblown sand ripple formation.
    • Nonlinear analysis provides valuable insights into ripple pattern dynamics and stability.
    • Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical framework for ripple evolution.