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Maximal work problem in finite-time thermodynamics

Tsirlin1, Kazakov

  • 1Program Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, set."Botic," Perejaslavl-Zalesky 152140, Russia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics
|November 23, 2000
PubMed
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This study explores thermodynamic systems, analyzing maximal work, minimal work for creating non-equilibrium states, and maximal power within finite time. It reveals limiting work processes involve piecewise-constant intensive variables, unifying results across various systems.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Non-equilibrium Systems

Background:

  • Thermodynamic systems often operate under constraints of finite time.
  • Understanding work and power limits is crucial for efficient energy conversion and process design.
  • Previous studies often focused on specific systems, lacking a unified theoretical framework.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the maximal work obtainable, minimal work required for non-equilibrium states, and maximal power in finite-time thermodynamic processes.
  • To mathematically analyze the characteristics of these limiting work processes.
  • To derive general conditions for limiting work regimes applicable to diverse thermodynamic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical analysis of thermodynamic processes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of intensive variables as functions of time.
  • Derivation of general conditions for limiting work regimes.
  • Main Results:

    • Identified that limiting work processes often feature piecewise-constant intensive variables.
    • Demonstrated that these variables typically take a limited number of values.
    • Showed that results for specific systems like heat engines and heat transfer align with general conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides a unified framework for analyzing finite-time thermodynamic processes.
    • General conditions for limiting work regimes in mass transfer processes were obtained.
    • The findings offer insights into optimizing work and power in thermodynamic systems operating under time constraints.