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Decrease of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella typhi isolated from patients attending hospitals of Dhaka City over a
S M Zahurul Haque Asna1, J Ashraful Haq
1Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Abstract:
Salmonella typhi is an important cause of enteric fever in Bangladesh. Resistance to commonly used antibiotics like cotrimoxazole and ampicillin has led to the introduction of third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones for the treatment of enteric fever. Prescription patterns for enteric fevers and for other infections have been changing and so we looked at the antibiotic resistance of S. typhi isolated from patients in and around Dhaka City from 1996-1998. The study showed a gradual change in resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole among S. typhi in our area. The rate of resistance to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin and chloramphenicol decreased from 59.6 to 5.6% in S. typhi over a 3 year period. The extensive use of third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, in place of conventional antibiotics, has probably influenced the change in resistance pattern in S. typhi.
Insights
Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella typhi decreased significantly in Bangladesh. This shift in resistance patterns for enteric fever treatment may be linked to increased use of newer antibiotics like cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Salmonella typhi causes significant enteric fever in Bangladesh.
- Increasing antibiotic resistance to conventional drugs like cotrimoxazole and ampicillin necessitates alternative treatments.
- Third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones are increasingly used for enteric fever.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the changing antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella typhi.
- To analyze resistance trends in S. typhi isolates from Dhaka City between 1996 and 1998.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of S. typhi from patient samples.
- Retrospective analysis of resistance data over a three-year period (1996-1998).
Main Results:
- A marked decrease in resistance to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol was observed.
- Resistance rates for these conventional antibiotics dropped from 59.6% to 5.6% in S. typhi.
- This change correlates with the increased use of third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.
Conclusions:
- Antibiotic resistance patterns of S. typhi in the Dhaka region have shifted.
- The widespread adoption of newer antibiotics appears to influence resistance trends.
- Monitoring antibiotic resistance is crucial for effective enteric fever management.