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The epidemiology of fusariosis in patients with haematological diseases. Gimema Infection Programme

C Girmenia1, L Pagano, L Corvatta

  • 1Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. girmenia@bce.med.uniroma1.it

British Journal of Haematology
|November 25, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Fusariosis, a fungal infection, is rare in patients with blood cancers. While not increasing overall, its geographic distribution is uneven, necessitating awareness of potential local outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Fusariosis is an emerging infection in patients with hematological malignancies.
  • Filamentous fungi infections, including fusariosis, pose a risk to immunocompromised individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and epidemiology of fusariosis in patients with hematological diseases.
  • To analyze trends in Fusarium infections over a 10-year period in Italy and globally.

Main Methods:

  • Multicenter retrospective study of filamentous fungi infections in Italian hematology centers (10-year period).
  • Comprehensive literature search for Fusarium infections in hematological diseases.
  • Analysis of incidence data from M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and global centers.

Main Results:

  • Fusariosis incidence was 0.06% in acute leukemia patients in the Italian study.
  • Literature search identified 177 cases; acute leukemia accounted for 71% of underlying conditions.
  • An increase in cases was noted at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, contrasting with stable rates elsewhere; cases are concentrated in the USA, France, and Italy.

Conclusions:

  • Invasive fusariosis is a rare complication in hematological diseases, with no significant overall increase in the last 20 years.
  • The epidemiological distribution of fusariosis is heterogeneous, with a need to consider local infection clusters.
  • Awareness and vigilance for this deadly pathogen are crucial in specific geographic areas and patient populations.

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