Choroidal Tuberculoma in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Background: In Japan, since the introduction of antituberculosis chemotherapy, the typical choroidal tuberculoma has been considered uncommon. A patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), because of the suppression of cell mediated immunity, faces the risk of tuberculous infection.Case: A 30-year-old Malayan man had continuous cough for 6 months. He was diagnosed as having miliary tuberculosis of the lung and spine. Because the serum test of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was positive, he was also diagnosed as having AIDS.Findings: Fundus examination showed a yellow white swollen lesion of the choroid with distinct border in his right eye, probably caused by tuberculosis. After 3 months of therapy with antituberculosis and anti-HIV drugs, his systemic and ocular findings were markedly improved.Conclusion: Because of the recent increase in the incidence of tuberculosis with the epidemic of HIV prevailing in the world, the recognition of ocular tuberculosis is important.