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Balinese mothers' developmental timetables for young children
P D Williams1, Soetjiningsih, A R Williams
1University of Kansas School of Nursing, USA.
Western Journal of Nursing Research
|November 30, 2000
Summary
Balinese mothers' child-rearing expectations and practices vary based on maternal education and location. These factors significantly influence perceptions of children's cognitive and psychosocial development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Cross-Cultural Psychology
- Sociology of the Family
Background:
- Understanding cultural variations in child development is crucial.
- Balinese cultural context offers unique insights into mother-child interactions.
- Socioeconomic and demographic factors can shape parenting beliefs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate Balinese mothers' expectations for child development.
- To examine child-rearing practices in relation to maternal and child characteristics.
- To identify how maternal education and residence influence these factors.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative study involving 200 Balinese mothers (100 rural, 100 urban).
- Structured questionnaires administered by trained interviewers.
- Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) used for statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Significant interaction effects found between residential location and maternal education on cognitive and psychosocial development expectations.
- Maternal education, residence, child's gender, and birth order significantly impacted child-rearing practices.
- Two distinct developmental timetables were developed based on the findings.
Conclusions:
- Maternal education and geographic location are key moderators of parenting expectations and practices in Bali.
- Child characteristics like gender and ordinal position also play a role in shaping child-rearing.
- The study highlights the interplay of cultural, social, and individual factors in early childhood development.