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Do sweat calcium losses affect bone mass during firefighter training?

M L O'Toole1, K C Johnson, S Satterfield

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA. otooleml@slu.edu

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|November 30, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Intense firefighter training did not negatively impact bone mineral content in young men, despite calcium loss through sweat. This research indicates that strenuous exercise can support bone health.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Nutritional Biochemistry

Background:

  • Vigorous exercise typically increases bone mass.
  • However, calcium loss in sweat during intense physical activity may lead to a negative calcium balance.
  • This raises concerns about potential decreases in bone mass in athletes and physically active individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of intense firefighter training on bone mineral content and bone turnover markers.
  • To determine if significant calcium loss in sweat during training adversely affects bone health in young men.

Main Methods:

  • 42 male recruits underwent 4 months of firefighter training.
  • Measurements included anthropometric characteristics, physical activity, dietary calcium intake, bone mineral content (whole body and hip), and bone turnover markers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Sweat calcium concentrations were measured during two strenuous training sessions.

    • Main Results:

    • Whole body and total hip bone mineral content significantly increased post-training.
    • A bone formation marker also showed a significant increase.
    • Measured sweat calcium concentrations averaged 1.1 mM and were not associated with changes in bone mineral content.

    Conclusions:

    • Intense physical training, even with high sweat rates, does not adversely affect bone mineral content in healthy young men.
    • The study suggests that the benefits of physical training on bone health outweigh potential risks from sweat calcium loss.
    • Further research may explore optimal calcium intake strategies for athletes undergoing intense training.