[Bancroftian filariasis in Madagascar: persistent endemicity]

Area of Science:

• Tropical medicine
• Infectious diseases
• Parasitology

Context:

• Bancroftian filariasis is a significant public health concern in Madagascar.
• Previous studies indicated varying prevalence rates across different regions.
• Understanding current prevalence is crucial for effective control strategies.

Purpose:

• To determine the prevalence of Bancroftian filariasis in nine health districts in Madagascar between 1995 and 1997.
• To assess microfilarial carrier rates and chronic morbidity in affected populations.
• To compare current findings with historical data from 1958.

Summary:

• Prevalence of microfilarial carriers ranged from 7% to 47% in men and 3% to 33% in women on the east and north coasts.
• Highest incidences were observed in southeastern districts (Ifanadiana, Manakara, Vangaindrano).
• Chronic morbidity affected 16.22% of men (scrotal/member elephantiasis, hydroceles) and 2.26% of women (member elephantiasis).

Impact:

• Findings highlight significant regional variations in Bancroftian filariasis prevalence.
• Identifies high-prevalence zones requiring targeted interventions.
• Suggests integrated control strategies involving drug prophylaxis and bednets for effective disease management.