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Effect of long-term losartan administration on renal haemodynamics and function in hypertensive patients

S Paterna1, G Parrinello, R Scaglione

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy.

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
|December 2, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Long-term losartan treatment effectively lowered blood pressure and improved renal hemodynamics in hypertensive patients. However, these beneficial renal effects diminished after one year of losartan administration.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension poses a significant risk for renal and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Understanding the long-term effects of antihypertensive medications on renal hemodynamics is crucial for patient management.
  • Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, is widely used for hypertension treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term losartan administration on renal hemodynamics in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.
  • To assess the impact of losartan on blood pressure, renal plasma flow (ERPF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal blood flow (ERBF), filtration fraction (FF), and renal vascular resistance (RVR).

Main Methods:

  • A one-year study involving 18 hypertensive patients without renal or cardiovascular disease.
  • Patients received losartan (50 mg/day) after a placebo run-in period.
  • Renal hemodynamics were measured using radioisotope studies, and blood pressure was monitored monthly.

Main Results:

  • Losartan significantly reduced systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure at both 6 and 12 months (p < 0.001).
  • A significant decrease in renal vascular resistance (p < 0.001) and filtration fraction (p < 0.05) was observed.
  • While renal function was maintained at 6 months, these favorable effects were attenuated by 12 months.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term losartan administration effectively controls blood pressure in mild to moderate hypertension.
  • Initial improvements in renal hemodynamics are observed, but these effects may diminish with prolonged treatment.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the long-term renal implications of losartan therapy.

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