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Nonlinear relaxation field in charged systems under high electric fields

Morawetz1

  • 1LPC-ISMRA, Boulevard Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen Cedex 5, France and GANIL, Boulevard Becquerel, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics
|December 2, 2000
PubMed
Summary

External electric fields significantly alter electric currents in charged systems beyond linear response. Even minor friction causes non-continuous changes, highlighting quantum kinetic theory

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Theoretical Physics

Background:

  • Investigating external electric field effects on charged systems is crucial for understanding material properties.
  • Linear response theory provides a baseline, but nonlinear effects are essential for a complete picture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare nonlinear current responses derived from classical density matrices with quantum kinetic theory.
  • To systematically analyze deviations from linear response under external electric fields.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the classical hierarchy of density matrices.
  • Applying quantum kinetic theory, specifically integrating the dynamically screened and field-dependent Lenard-Balescu equation.
  • Calculating the nonlinear relaxation field.

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Main Results:

  • Infinitesimal friction leads to non-continuous changes in current response.
  • Quantum kinetic theory offers a systematic approach to nonlinear current beyond linear response.
  • The Debye-Onsager relaxation effect emerges only with asymmetric screening assumptions.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum kinetic theory provides a more comprehensive framework for understanding nonlinear current dynamics in charged systems.
  • The interplay between friction, screening, and external fields critically influences system behavior.
  • Different approximations in kinetic theory yield distinct results, necessitating careful consideration of screening assumptions.