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Internal waves excited by the marangoni effect

Wierschem1, Linde, Velarde

  • 1Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Paseo Juan XXIII, No. 1, E-28040 Madrid, Spain and LS Technische Mechanik und Stromungsmechanik, Universitat Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics
|December 2, 2000
PubMed
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Traveling internal waves form in liquid layers during vapor absorption. Surface waves, driven by surface-tension gradients, excite these waves, which can change direction and wave number via Eckhaus instability.

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Wave phenomena

Background:

  • Miscible substance absorption from vapor phase induces liquid layer phenomena.
  • Surface-tension-gradient-driven instabilities can generate surface waves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the generation and behavior of traveling periodic internal wave trains.
  • Analyze the role of surface waves and instabilities in internal wave excitation.
  • Characterize wave number adjustment and directional changes of internal wave trains.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental generation of internal waves via surface waves in a liquid layer.
  • Observation of nonstationary processes during substance absorption.
  • Analysis of wave number selection through Eckhaus instability.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Study of wave train dynamics, including directional reversals.

    • Main Results:

    • Traveling internal wave trains are generated during miscible surface-active substance absorption.
    • Surface waves, originating from surface-tension-gradient instabilities, excite internal waves.
    • Internal wave trains exhibit wave number adjustment via Eckhaus instability.
    • Narrow and extended pulses are observed near the instability threshold.
    • Wave trains can reverse their direction, with new trains often having different wave numbers.

    Conclusions:

    • The study elucidates the complex dynamics of internal wave generation and evolution in absorbing liquid layers.
    • Eckhaus instability plays a key role in internal wave train selection.
    • Observed directional reversals highlight the non-equilibrium nature of the system.