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Related Experiment Videos

High harmonic generation beyond the electric dipole approximation

Walser1, Keitel, Scrinzi

  • 1Theoretische Quantendynamik, Fakultat fur Physik, Universitat Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Strasse 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|December 2, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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This study generalizes high harmonic generation theory to include magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interactions. Results show multipole effects are small at intensities below 10^17 W/cm^2, enabling sub-nanometer wavelength generation.

Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • High harmonic generation (HHG) is a key process for producing extreme ultraviolet and X-ray radiation.
  • Existing theories often simplify interactions, limiting applicability to intense laser fields.
  • The single active electron approximation and long wavelength limit are commonly used.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a generalized analytical theory for high harmonic generation.
  • To incorporate magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interactions.
  • To explain the influence of multipole effects on HHG spectra.

Main Methods:

  • Generalization of the analytical theory of HHG.
  • Inclusion of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interactions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of quantum mechanical and classical theoretical approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Excellent agreement between quantum mechanical and classical theories was achieved.
    • Multipole contributions were found to be small for Ti:S lasers (0.8 μm) below 10^17 W/cm^2.
    • The theory explains the influence of multipole effects through an intuitive picture.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed theory provides a framework for understanding HHG with multipole interactions.
    • HHG can be extended to the sub-nanometer wavelength regime with current laser technology.
    • Multipole effects become significant at higher intensities, paving the way for keV photon energy generation.