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Related Experiment Videos

A decrease in membrane tension precedes successful cell-membrane repair.

T Togo1, T B Krasieva, R A Steinhardt

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
|December 5, 2000
PubMed
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Cell membrane repair relies on calcium-dependent exocytosis to reduce membrane tension, enabling resealing. This process is facilitated by a new vesicle pool, crucial for efficient repair after repeated cell damage.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cell membrane integrity is vital for cell survival.
  • Exocytosis plays a role in various cellular processes, including membrane repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of calcium (Ca2+)-dependent exocytosis in reducing membrane tension during cell membrane repair.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying facilitated membrane resealing after repeated wounding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser tweezers to create membrane tethers and measure membrane tension in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts.
  • Assessed membrane resealing and tension changes under varying calcium concentrations and after pharmacological interventions (PKC inhibitor, BFA, cytochalasin D).

Main Results:

  • Cell wounding in normal Ca2+ led to a significant decrease in membrane tension (approx. 60%) and coincided with membrane resealing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Inhibition of Ca2+ and exocytosis prevented tension decrease and resealing.
  • Repeated wounding showed faster tension decrease and resealing rates, dependent on a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent and brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive vesicle pool.
  • Lowering membrane tension pharmacologically (cytochalasin D) could rescue membrane resealing in low Ca2+.

    • Conclusions:

    • Calcium-dependent exocytosis is essential for lowering membrane tension, thereby facilitating cell membrane resealing.
    • A dynamic vesicle pool, regulated by PKC and sensitive to BFA, supports efficient repair of repeated membrane damage.
    • Directly reducing membrane tension can substitute for exocytosis in promoting cell membrane repair.