[Genes and environment]

Many quantitative characters depend on the action of a large number of genes and environmental factors. The mode of inheritance of these characters is polygenic. The phenotypic variance of the character is the sum of the components, thus the genetic and the environmental variances (VP = VG + VE). The degree of genetic determination VG/VP and VE/VP are difficult to estimate in man. The heritability a related coefficient to VG/VP can be estimated from the degree of ressemblance between relatives. The heritability is the additive genetique variance as a proportion of the phenotypic variance. Polygenic threshold inheritance can account for the familial non mendelian distribution of multifactorial diseases.