[Distraction osteogenesis--a new therapeutic principle in complex craniofacial synostosis]

Surgical treatment of syndromal craniofacial synostosis consists of combined neurosurgical and maxillofacial reconstructions of the neurocranium and midface. Patients often need several operations if they are to achieve a functionally and cosmetically good result. This is, in part, due to limitations in the amount of "acute" correction possible peroperatively with conventional surgical technique.

In recent years, a new method called distraction osteogenesis has been developed, by which the skeletal elements are gradually advanced. The method is based upon a process whereby the reparative callus formed between the surfaces of two bone segments is subjected to traction. This leads to new bone formation parallel to the vector of distraction.

Distraction osteogenesis allows for greater mobilizations, hence the promise of fewer reoperations.

The method seems to be a valuable treatment modality in syndromal craniofacial synostosis, where major fronto-orbital, midface or maxillary reconstructions are often called for.