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Plasma naltrexone during opioid detoxification.

T McDonald1, R Berkowitz, W E Hoffman

  • 1Detoxification Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA.

Journal of Addictive Diseases
|December 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Orogastric naltrexone for opioid detoxification shows highly variable plasma drug concentrations. This variability may hinder successful patient detoxification and requires further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Toxicology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Orogastric naltrexone is utilized for opioid detoxification.
  • The impact of gastric absorption on plasma naltrexone concentrations is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the variability of plasma naltrexone concentrations following orogastric administration.
  • To assess the relationship between plasma naltrexone levels and detoxification success.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma naltrexone levels were measured in patients receiving repeated orogastric doses (12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 50 mg).
  • Correlation analysis was performed between plasma naltrexone and withdrawal symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Plasma naltrexone concentrations exhibited significant inter-patient variability during orogastric administration.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Four out of ten patients did not achieve plasma naltrexone levels above 5 ng/ml, questioning detoxification adequacy.
  • A significant negative correlation (r = -0.78, P < 0.05) was observed between plasma naltrexone and subsequent withdrawal symptoms.

    • Conclusions:

    • The increase in plasma naltrexone is inconsistent during orogastric administration.
    • Variable drug absorption may impede the efficacy of orogastric naltrexone for successful opioid detoxification.