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Dialysis access related infections.

S Q Lew1, K Kaveh

  • 1Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|December 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Infection is a major risk for patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis. Preventing pathogen introduction through dialysis access is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are immunocompromised and susceptible to infections.
  • Dialysis procedures (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) can introduce pathogens via vascular or peritoneal access.
  • Infections contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in the ESRD population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant risk of infection in end-stage renal disease patients.
  • To identify common pathogens associated with dialysis-related infections.
  • To emphasize the importance of preventive measures in managing these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common pathogens and infection routes in dialysis patients.
  • Analysis of infection causes related to arteriovenous fistulas, grafts, and catheters.
  • Discussion of the critical role of preventive strategies.

Main Results:

  • Gram-positive organisms, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, are the predominant pathogens.
  • Dialysis access points serve as common entry sites for unintentional pathogen introduction.
  • Infections are a frequent cause of illness and death in this patient group.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing robust preventive measures is essential for reducing infection rates in ESRD patients.
  • Targeted strategies against common Gram-positive organisms are necessary.
  • Minimizing pathogen introduction through dialysis access is key to improving patient outcomes.

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