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Related Experiment Videos

Dementia, quantitative neuroimaging, and apolipoprotein E genotype.

E D Bigler1, C M Lowry, C V Anderson

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|December 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative MRI reveals brain atrophy in dementia and mild cognitive impairment. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele shows early effects on hippocampal volume in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Elderly individuals with cognitive disorders, including dementia (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia) and mild cognitive impairment, were studied.
  • The role of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele and cognitive deficit severity on brain structure was investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) differences in an elderly population with various clinical disorders.
  • To assess potential quantitative MRI differences based on the presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele and the level of cognitive deficit.

Main Methods:

  • 180 subjects with dementia or clinical disorders were selected from 5,677 elderly individuals.
  • APOE genotype was determined, and brain MRI scans were quantified using a multispectral segmentation algorithm.

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  • Cognitive status was assessed using a modified Mini-Mental Status Examination, with age and disease duration as covariates.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant brain volume reductions (total brain, hippocampus, gray/white matter) and increased CSF/ventricular volumes were observed in all dementing illnesses.
    • Mild cognitive impairment subjects showed fewer atrophic changes but were distinct from controls.
    • The APOE epsilon4 allele was linked to smaller hippocampal volume early in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia, but this effect diminished with age and disease duration adjustments.

    Conclusions:

    • The APOE epsilon4 allele's effect on brain morphology may be subtle and early in dementia development, not significantly affecting later cerebral atrophy.
    • Cognitive impairment is associated with brain atrophy regardless of the specific diagnosis or APOE epsilon4 allele presence.