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Insect acid-base physiology.

J F Harrison1

  • 1Department of Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1501, USA. j.harrison@asu.edu

Annual Review of Entomology
|December 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Insect acid-base balance is crucial for survival, affecting distributions and interactions. Regulation involves respiratory and renal systems, with hormonal control of key transporters.

Area of Science:

  • Insect Physiology
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Environmental Biology

Background:

  • Acid-base status significantly impacts insect biology, influencing ecological interactions and physiological processes.
  • Insect hemolymph and gut pH are generally regulated but can fluctuate due to environmental and physiological factors.
  • The midgut lumen pH varies across insect species, reflecting phylogenetic and dietary adaptations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of acid-base regulation in insects.
  • To highlight the roles of the respiratory and renal systems in maintaining hemolymph homeostasis.
  • To discuss the hormonal control of renal acid-base excretion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on insect acid-base physiology.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of physiological data concerning respiratory and renal functions.
  • Examination of evidence for hormonal regulation of transport proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • Insect acid-base balance is maintained through integrated respiratory and renal mechanisms.
    • The respiratory system regulates CO2 levels via spiracular control and ventilation.
    • Renal and gut epithelia actively participate in hemolymph pH regulation, influenced by hormonal signals.
    • Hormonal regulation of H+-V-ATPase activity is a primary mechanism for renal acid-base excretion.

    Conclusions:

    • Insects possess sophisticated acid-base regulatory systems involving multiple organ systems.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for predicting insect responses to environmental changes and pesticide efficacy.
    • Hormonal control of renal transporters represents a key target for future research in insect physiology.