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Integrin alpha(v)beta(3) mediates rotavirus cell entry.

C A Guerrero1, E Méndez, S Zárate

  • 1Departamento de Genética y Fisiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62250, Mexico.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 13, 2000
PubMed
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Rotaviruses use the alpha(v)beta(3) integrin as a common cellular receptor for infection, independent of sialic acid binding. This interaction occurs post-attachment, influencing cellular susceptibility to rotavirus entry.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rotavirus entry mechanisms vary, with some strains requiring sialic acid (SA) for initial cell attachment.
  • A post-attachment cellular receptor common to most rotavirus strains has been hypothesized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of alpha(v)beta(3) integrin as a common cellular receptor for rotaviruses.
  • To determine if alpha(v)beta(3) integrin mediates rotavirus entry post-attachment.

Main Methods:

  • Antibodies to alpha(v) and beta(3) integrin subunits and vitronectin were used to block rotavirus infectivity.
  • Virus binding assays were performed to assess the stage of interaction.
  • CHO cells were transfected with alpha(v)beta(3) genes to evaluate permissiveness to rotavirus infection.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Antibodies to alpha(v)beta(3) integrin and vitronectin blocked infectivity of SA-dependent, SA-independent, and neuraminidase-resistant rotavirus strains.
  • Interaction with alpha(v)beta(3) occurred post-binding, likely during penetration, and was independent of the RGD motif.
  • Transfection with alpha(v)beta(3) increased cell permissiveness to rotaviruses.

Conclusions:

  • Alpha(v)beta(3) integrin serves as a common cellular receptor for diverse rotavirus strains.
  • This integrin plays a significant role in determining cellular susceptibility to rotavirus infection.