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Aphthous ulcers: a difficult clinical entity.

R G Shashy1, M B Ridley

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|December 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU), a common oral condition, present as painful ulcers. Topical corticosteroids are the primary treatment for these ulcers, though their cause remains unknown.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) represent the most prevalent oral ulcerative condition, impacting 10% to 20% of individuals.
  • RAU manifest in three distinct clinical subtypes: minor, major, and herpetiform.
  • Minor aphthous ulcers constitute the predominant subtype, accounting for 80% to 90% of all RAU cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical presentation and management of recurrent aphthous ulcers.
  • To differentiate RAU from other oral ulcerative conditions, particularly oral herpes simplex.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation and diagnosis of RAU.
  • Review of current therapeutic strategies, focusing on topical corticosteroids.

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Main Results:

  • RAU are characterized by intensely painful, shallow ulcerations with an erythematous halo on non-keratinized oral mucosa.
  • The etiology of RAU is currently undetermined.
  • Topical corticosteroids are established as the primary therapeutic approach.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent aphthous ulcers are a common and painful oral condition with unknown etiology.
  • Effective management relies on topical corticosteroid therapy, with differential diagnosis including oral herpes simplex.