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Viral replication and the coactivators p300 and CBP
1Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, The University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Productive viral infection requires coordinate regulation of viral and cellular gene expression. Viruses of different classes have evolved different mechanisms to conform to, adapt to and exploit programs of cellular gene expression. Many viral gene products influence and respond to cellular signals that control differentiation and proliferation Transcriptional coactivators are central to the regulation of the expression of genes controlling these events. p300 and CBP are closely related coactivators that regulate the transcription of specific genes, modify chromatin structure and influence cell cycle progression. In this review, the different molecular interactions of proteins encoded by DNA tumor viruses and lentiviruses with these transcriptional coactivators and related cellular proteins are summarized.
Insights
Viruses hijack cellular gene expression using viral proteins that interact with transcriptional coactivators like p300 and CBP. This interaction impacts cell differentiation and proliferation, crucial for productive viral infection.
Area of Science:
- Molecular biology
- Virology
- Cellular biology
Background:
- Productive viral infection depends on coordinated viral and cellular gene expression.
- Viruses adapt to and exploit host cell gene expression programs.
- Cellular differentiation and proliferation are regulated by specific signaling pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize molecular interactions between viral proteins and transcriptional coactivators.
- To review how DNA tumor viruses and lentiviruses interact with p300 and CBP.
- To understand viral exploitation of host cell machinery.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of molecular interactions.
- Analysis of viral protein functions.
- Examination of coactivator roles in gene regulation.
Main Results:
- Viral proteins from DNA tumor viruses and lentiviruses interact with p300 and CBP.
- These interactions influence chromatin structure and cell cycle progression.
- Coactivators play a central role in regulating genes controlling cell differentiation and proliferation.
Conclusions:
- Viral interactions with coactivators like p300/CBP are key to productive infection.
- Understanding these interactions provides insights into viral pathogenesis.
- Targeting these interactions could offer novel antiviral strategies.