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Phase transitions in planar bilayer membranes.

S H White

    Biophysical Journal
    |February 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Glycerol monooleate (GMO) bilayer membranes show temperature-dependent structural changes. A phase transition around 15°C affects capacitance and interfacial tension, with a second transition observed at lower temperatures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Physical Chemistry
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Planar bilayer membranes are crucial models for biological systems.
    • Glycerol monooleate (GMO) forms stable bilayers in n-alkane solvents.
    • Understanding temperature-induced structural changes is key to membrane behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate temperature-dependent structural changes in GMO bilayer membranes.
    • To correlate changes in geometric capacitance (Cg) and interfacial tension (gamma) with molecular structure.
    • To identify phase transitions in GMO membranes.

    Main Methods:

    • Precise measurements of specific geometric capacitance (Cg) as a function of temperature (T).
    • Measurements of interfacial tension (gamma) of GMO-alkane dispersions.
    • Analysis of Cg(T) and gamma(T) data, including slope changes and intersections.
    • Comparison with calorimetric data on GMO phase transitions.

    Main Results:

    • Cg generally increases with decreasing temperature.
    • A distinct slope change in Cg(T) occurs between 15-18°C for all solvent systems.
    • Interfacial tension (gamma) decreases with decreasing temperature, with a break point around 17°C.
    • A second, previously undetected structural change occurs between 5-10°C.

    Conclusions:

    • Observed changes in Cg and gamma are attributed to a GMO phase transition around 15°C.
    • The data suggest a GMO phase transition influencing membrane structure and properties.
    • A secondary structural change below 10°C warrants further investigation.
    • Models of bilayer structure above and below the transition were developed based on capacitance calculations.

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