Anatomical variations in the pattern of the right hepatic veins: possibilities for type classification

A morphological study of the right hepatic veins (RHVv) was conducted based on the shape and the confluence pattern of the superior right hepatic vein (SRHV) and the presence of accessory right hepatic veins. The study was performed in 110 undamaged, randomly selected, cadaveric human livers prepared using the corrosion cast methodology. The principles for classifying the RHVv into types were as follows: the length of the vein trunk, the confluence of 2 or 3 main tributaries that form a trunk, and the accessory right hepatic veins that modify the venous drainage of the right side of the liver. Four types of SRHV were identified. Type 1 (20 %), type 2 (40 %) and type 3 (25 %) were the most common, while type 4 (15 %) was linked to the accessory right hepatic veins in cases where they drain a surgically important part of the liver. Accessory right hepatic veins were found in a total of 31 casts (28 %). The hepatocaval confluence was studied and the tributary-free part of the SRHV trunk before it entered the inferior vena cava was measured. The tributary-free part of the SRHV was longer than 1 cm in 77 % of the casts. Anastomoses between the terminal tributaries of the veins involved in the drainage of the right side of the liver were also investigated.