Sequence analysis of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene fragment from seven mosquito species

Mosquitoes are vectors for the transmission of many human pathogens that include viruses, nematodes and protozoa. For the understanding of their vectorial capacity, identification of disease carrying and refractory strains is essential. Recently, molecular taxonomic techniques have been utilized for this purpose. Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene has been used for molecular taxonomy in many insects. In this paper, we have analysed a 450 bp hypervariable region of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene in three major genera of mosquitoes, Aedes, Anopheles and Culex. The sequence was found to be unusually A+T rich and in substitutions the rate of transversions was higher than the transition rate. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with these sequences. An interesting feature of the sequences was a stretch of Ts that distinguished between Ae-des and Culex on the one hand, and Anopheles on the other. This is the first report of mitochondrial rRNA sequences from these medically important genera of mosquitoes.