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Novel oral chemotherapy agents.

M E Royce¹, P M Hoff, R Pazdur

¹Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Box 78, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Current Oncology Reports

|December 21, 2000

Summary

Oral chemotherapy offers comparable efficacy to intravenous treatments with potentially reduced toxicity. Novel oral agents like fluoropyrimidines are emerging as promising alternatives for cancer treatment.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pharmacology
Drug Development

Background:

Traditional anticancer drug development prioritizes intravenous over oral administration.
Recent advancements have spurred interest in oral chemotherapy regimens.
Oral administration offers potential benefits in efficacy and reduced toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development and potential of novel oral anticancer agents.
To highlight oral fluoropyrimidines and other emerging oral chemotherapeutics.

Main Methods:

Review of recently developed oral anticancer drugs.
Focus on rational drug design principles applied to oral chemotherapy.

Main Results:

Several oral fluoropyrimidines have been developed, including capecitabine, UFT, eniluracil plus 5-FU, and S-1.

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These agents show potential for equivalent efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to IV therapies.

Other novel oral agents like irinotecan and temozolomide are also available.

Conclusions:

Oral chemotherapy is a viable and developing alternative to intravenous administration.
Novel oral agents represent a significant advancement in cancer treatment options.
Further research into oral anticancer drugs promises improved patient outcomes.