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Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.

R K Garg1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|December 21, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a brain disorder affecting white matter, often linked to high blood pressure or certain medications. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for reversing symptoms and preventing permanent brain damage.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological disorder primarily affecting the brain's white matter.
  • Characterized by rapid onset of symptoms including headache, seizures, visual disturbances, and altered consciousness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and radiological features of Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and management of PRES.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic imaging findings.
  • Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, particularly T2-weighted sequences, is key for visualizing characteristic parieto-occipital white matter hyperintensities.
  • Computed tomography (CT) can also detect hypodense lesions.

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Main Results:

  • PRES lesions predominantly involve the parieto-occipital white matter, potentially spreading to other brain regions.
  • The syndrome is frequently associated with acute hypertension and can be triggered by eclampsia, renal disease, or immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporine.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and prompt intervention, such as blood pressure control or drug withdrawal, can lead to reversal of PRES.
  • Delayed diagnosis and treatment may result in irreversible brain tissue damage.