Cardiac troponin T in cord blood

Perinatal asphyxia is associated with cardiac dysfunction. This may be secondary to myocardial ischaemia. Cardiac troponin T is the ideal marker for myocardial necrosis. Elevated levels in cord blood may be associated with intrauterine hypoxia and increased perinatal morbidity.

To establish an upper limit of normal for cardiac troponin T concentration in the cord blood of infants. Relations between cardiac troponin T levels and other variables were investigated.

Cord blood samples were collected from 242 infants and analysed. Data on gestation, birth weight, sex, Apgar scores, respiratory status, and mode of delivery were recorded.

A total of 242 samples were collected, and 215 samples from infants without respiratory distress were used to establish the 95th percentile of 0.050 ng/ml. The gestation of these infants ranged from 31 to 42 weeks and birth weight ranged from 1.4 to 5 kg. There were no relations between cardiac troponin T levels and the other variables in these healthy infants. Twenty seven infants developed respiratory symptoms requiring oxygen and/or ventilation. These infants had significantly higher cord cardiac troponin T levels than their healthy counterparts (median (interquartile range) 0.031 (0.010-0.084) v 0.010 (0.010-0.014) ng/ml respectively; p < 0.001).

Cardiac troponin T levels in the cord blood are unaffected by gestation, birth weight, sex, or mode of delivery. Infants with respiratory distress had significantly higher cord cardiac troponin T levels, suggesting that cardiac troponin T may be a useful marker for myocardial damage in neonates.