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Cell hydration and insulin signalling.

F Schliess1, D Häussinger

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany. Freimut.Schliess@uni-duesseldorf.de

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry : International Journal of Experimental Cellular Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology
|December 23, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Cell hydration changes are crucial for metabolic signaling. Insulin-induced liver cell swelling, vital for hormone response, is impaired by dehydration, leading to insulin resistance.

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[Not Available].

Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie·2015

Area of Science:

  • Cellular physiology
  • Metabolic signaling

Background:

  • Cell hydration is critical for signaling metabolic responses to hormones and substrates.
  • Insulin-induced liver cell swelling involves K(+) uptake via specific transporters and activates MAP-kinase p38.
  • Cell swelling triggers signaling cascades, with insulin-induced swelling mediated by Ptdins-3-kinase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell swelling in insulin signaling and its connection to insulin resistance.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which dehydration-induced insulin resistance occurs in liver cells.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated insulin-induced cell swelling in liver cells.
  • Utilized loop diuretics (furosemide, bumetanide) to block cell volume response.
  • Examined the impact of hyperosmolarity on insulin signaling pathways.

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Main Results:

  • Insulin-induced liver cell swelling is essential for the antiproteolytic response, dependent on MAP-kinase p38 activation.
  • Hyperosmolarity and loop diuretics impair insulin-induced K(+) uptake and cell swelling, causing insulin resistance.
  • This resistance affects MAP-kinase activation and proteolysis control.

Conclusions:

  • Blockage of the cell volume response to insulin is a key factor in dehydration-induced insulin resistance.
  • This mechanism may explain insulin resistance in conditions like sepsis, burn injury, and diabetes mellitus.