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AC coupled three op-amp biopotential amplifier with active DC suppression.

E M Spinelli1, M A Mayosky

  • 1Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation Laboratory (LEICI), Department of Electronics, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CC 91, (1900) La Plata, Argentina. spinelli@venus.fisica.unlp.edu.ar

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
|December 28, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an improved instrumentation amplifier (I.A) featuring active DC suppression using an optical-isolated floating source. This cost-effective design maintains high performance for biopotential amplification.

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Area of Science:

  • Electronics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Instrumentation

Background:

  • Instrumentation amplifiers (I.A) are crucial for amplifying weak differential signals while rejecting common-mode noise.
  • Traditional I.A designs often struggle with DC offset voltages from electrodes and operational amplifiers (op-amps), necessitating complex suppression techniques.
  • Maintaining high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and input impedance is vital for accurate biopotential measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel three op-amps instrumentation amplifier with active DC suppression.
  • To demonstrate a cost-effective and simple implementation of DC suppression using an optical-isolated floating source.
  • To evaluate the performance of the proposed I.A in a biopotential amplifier application.

Main Methods:

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  • A controlled floating source, implemented with an optical-isolated device acting as a photovoltaic generator, was integrated into the input stage.
  • The floating source actively compensates for electrode and op-amp offset voltages.
  • A biopotential amplifier prototype was constructed with a gain of 80 dB and a lower cutoff frequency of 0.1 Hz.

Main Results:

  • The proposed I.A effectively suppresses DC offsets without compromising CMRR and high input impedance.
  • A CMRR of 105 was achieved using general-purpose op-amps without any manual trimming.
  • The biopotential amplifier demonstrated a DC input range of +/- 8 mV.

Conclusions:

  • The developed instrumentation amplifier offers a simple, low-cost solution for active DC suppression in biopotential measurements.
  • The circuit design successfully preserves key performance metrics like CMRR and input impedance.
  • This approach provides a practical alternative for high-performance, cost-sensitive biomedical instrumentation.