[Atypical stromal hyperplasia of the prostate (stromal proliferation of uncertain malignant potential)]

To describe a case of atypical stromal hyperplasia of the prostate.

A 62-year-old patient presented with prostatic syndrome. Physical examination disclosed an indurated prostate and PSA determination showed increased levels. A prostate biopsy was performed.

The histological analysis showed atypical stromal proliferation with elongated nuclei and immunohistochemical expression for vimentine, smooth muscle actin and CD34 with glandular hyperplasia. The diagnosis was that of atypical stromal hyperplasia of the prostate (prostatic stromal proliferation of uncertain malignant potential).

A careful histological study is necessary to make the correct diagnosis of prostatic stromal proliferation of uncertain malignant potential. CD34 expression is a characteristic finding. As its name indicates, its evolution is uncertain.