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How safe are our safe donors?

A Srikrishna1, S Sitalakshmi, P Damodar

  • 1Department of Clinical Pathology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore 560 034.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|December 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Transfusion medicine faces challenges in preventing infectious diseases. This study found hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence higher than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in blood donors, recommending routine HCV testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preventing transfusion-transmitted infections is critical in transfusion medicine.
  • Awareness of transfusion-transmitted diseases and vigilant blood collection/testing practices are essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of transfusion-transmitted diseases among healthy unpaid blood donors.
  • To highlight the importance of blood collection, testing, and judicious blood use.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of 8617 blood donors from September 1997 to August 1998.
  • Serological testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1&2, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and malarial parasites.

Main Results:

  • Seropositivity rates: HIV 0.44%, HBsAg 1.86%, HCV 1.02%, VDRL 1.6%.
  • No malarial parasite positives were detected.
  • Hepatitis B and C prevalence was significantly higher than HIV.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatitis B and C pose a greater risk in transfusion medicine than previously emphasized for HIV.
  • Routine screening for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is strongly recommended for blood donors.

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