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Experimental evolution recapitulates natural evolution.

H A Wichman1, L A Scott, C D Yarber

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844, USA.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|December 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Evolutionary pathways in bacteriophages phiX174 and S13 are limited, with many genetic changes occurring in parallel. These findings suggest natural selection drives much of the amino acid variation observed in these viruses.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bacteriophages phiX174 and S13 are closely related viruses with nearly identical genomes.
  • Understanding viral evolution is crucial for predicting pathogen adaptation and developing countermeasures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary pathways and genetic changes in bacteriophages phiX174 and S13 under laboratory adaptation.
  • To determine the extent of parallel evolution and convergence at nucleotide and amino acid levels.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental evolution of bacteriophages phiX174 and S13 in laboratory conditions.
  • Analysis of nucleotide and amino acid substitutions accumulated during adaptation.
  • Comparison of evolutionary trajectories across replicate lineages.

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Main Results:

  • A high proportion (90%) of experimental substitutions resulted in amino acid changes.
  • Over 60% of substitutions occurred in parallel across multiple experimental lines.
  • Evidence of convergence at both nucleotide and amino acid levels between the two phage lineages, with some sites showing bidirectional convergence.

Conclusions:

  • The evolution of these bacteriophages appears constrained to a limited set of pathways.
  • Natural selection likely plays a significant role in shaping the observed amino acid variation in viral evolution.