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Sarcopenia: current concepts.

R Roubenoff1, V A Hughes

  • 1Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. roubenoff@hnrc.tufts.edu

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|December 29, 2000
PubMed
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The journal of nutrition, health & aging·2011

Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, is a key factor in elderly disability. This review covers its causes, treatment, and prevention strategies for healthy aging.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Muscle Physiology
  • Aging Research and Public Health

Background:

  • Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength, is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to disability and morbidity in older adults.
  • While considered a part of normal aging, muscle wasting can be exacerbated by chronic diseases, highlighting the complex interplay between aging and health status.
  • The precise causes of sarcopenia are multifactorial, involving a combination of age-associated changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of sarcopenia's pathogenesis.
  • To discuss established and emerging treatment strategies for sarcopenia.
  • To outline preventive measures to mitigate muscle loss in aging populations.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current scientific literature on sarcopenia.

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  • It examines the roles of neurological, metabolic, hormonal, nutritional, and physical activity factors.
  • Concepts are discussed based on existing research and clinical observations.

    • Main Results:

    • Age-related changes in neurological, metabolic, hormonal, nutritional, and physical activity significantly contribute to muscle mass decline.
    • While the exact contribution of each factor requires further elucidation, their combined effect is substantial.
    • Sarcopenia is a complex condition influenced by multiple physiological and lifestyle factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Sarcopenia is a critical geriatric condition with significant implications for health and independence.
    • Understanding its multifaceted causes is essential for developing effective interventions.
    • Comprehensive strategies encompassing treatment and prevention are crucial for managing sarcopenia and promoting healthy aging.