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The Geriatric Pain Measure: validity, reliability and factor analysis.

B A Ferrell1, W M Stein, J C Beck

  • 1UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|December 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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A new Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM) effectively assesses multidimensional pain in older adults. This valid and reliable tool aids comprehensive geriatric assessments for better pain management.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Pain Management
  • Geriatric Assessment

Background:

  • Pain is a complex experience requiring more than intensity evaluation.
  • No multidimensional pain measure exists for older adults in geriatric assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a multidimensional pain assessment instrument for older adults.
  • Evaluate the reliability and validity of the Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM).

Main Methods:

  • Instrument development and evaluation using a series of steps.
  • 176 geriatric clinic outpatients (mean age 84) participated.
  • Included GPM, McGill Pain Questionnaire, geriatric scales, and clinical data.

Main Results:

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  • GPM showed high reliability (alpha=0.9445) and internal consistency.
  • Concurrent validity (r=0.6269) and test-retest reliability (r=0.9018) were confirmed.
  • Factor analysis identified five pain components: Intensity, Disengagement, Ambulation, Strenuous Activities, and Other Activities.

    • Conclusions:

    • The 24-item GPM is easy to administer and shows strong validity and reliability.
    • The GPM is a valuable tool for multidimensional geriatric pain assessment.