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Inflammatory bowel disease in children: Indian perspective
1Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh.
Inflammatory bowel disease, specifically ulcerative colitis, affects 5% of children with colonic disorders in India. Early diagnosis and differentiation from infections are crucial for effective pediatric inflammatory bowel disease management.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Colorectal Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Indian children remains largely uncharacterized.
- Pediatric Gastroenterology at PGIMER, Chandigarh, observes various colonic disorders in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) in children admitted for colonic disorders at PGIMER, Chandigarh.
- To highlight diagnostic challenges and differential diagnoses for pediatric UC in India.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of children admitted for colonic disorders.
- Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis confirmed via sigmoidoscopy, rectal biopsy, and double contrast barium enema.
Main Results:
- Out of 294 children with colonic disorders, 15 (5%) were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis.
- Common infectious colitis (bacillary dysentery, amoebic colitis, antibiotic-induced colitis) and tuberculous colitis were key differentials.
Conclusions:
- Ulcerative colitis represents a significant proportion of pediatric colonic disorders in this Indian cohort.
- Clinical suspicion of IBD is vital in children with refractory or unusual colitis presentations unresponsive to standard treatments.
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