Laparoscopic lumbar spinal fusion: the role of the general surgeon

The refinement of minimally invasive surgical techniques has impacted all areas of surgical practice. Laparoscopic approaches to lumbar spine fusion via the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal routes have similarly evolved with the development of new techniques and instruments unique to this procedure. The benefits of laparoscopic fusion techniques include shorter hospital stay, improved postoperative relief of pain, and preservation of critical spinal musculature. A general surgical laparoscopist is a critical member of the operative team. Although the technical details of the procedure are becoming standardized, patient selection is critical to maximize benefit and minimize risk.