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Updated: Aug 10, 2026

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Central nervous system and renal vasculitis associated with primary varicella infection in a child
J M Caruso1, G A Tung, W D Brown
1Department of Neurology, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Abstract:
A 7-year-old girl with primary varicella presented with encephalopathy and focal neurologic deficits 10 days after her first skin lesions appeared. She was discovered to have bilateral wedge-shaped renal infarctions, and ischemic lesions in the conus medullaris, cerebral cortex, and deep gray matter consistent with a medium and large vessel arteritis on magnetic resonance imaging. This complication has never before been reported in an immunocompetent child with primary varicella infection, and it represents a rare but serious complication of childhood chickenpox.
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