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Developmental dyscalculia: prevalence and prognosis.

R S Shalev1, J Auerbach, O Manor

  • 1Neuropediatric Unit Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.shalev@szmc.org.il

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|January 4, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Developmental dyscalculia (DC) affects 3-6% of students, similar to dyslexia. This learning disability can persist and is associated with various neurological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Developmental dyscalculia (DC) affects 3-6% of school-aged children, a prevalence comparable to developmental dyslexia and ADHD.
  • Prevalence estimates vary due to differing definitions, diagnostic ages, and assessment tools for DC.
  • DC is frequently comorbid with other neurodevelopmental disorders, including ADHD, developmental language disorder, epilepsy, and genetic syndromes like Fragile X.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and characteristics of developmental dyscalculia in the school population.
  • To explore the potential contributing factors and associated conditions of DC.
  • To examine the stability and long-term implications of DC.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based studies utilizing standardized arithmetic function assessments were analyzed.

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  • Diagnostic criteria, age of assessment, and chosen instruments were considered in prevalence variations.
  • Comorbidity with neurological disorders and potential gender-based vulnerabilities were investigated.

    • Main Results:

    • Prevalence of DC ranges from 3-6%, with variations attributed to methodological differences.
    • A higher prevalence in girls may suggest increased vulnerability to environmental or biological factors.
    • DC is often observed alongside other neurological conditions, indicating complex etiologies.

    Conclusions:

    • Developmental dyscalculia is a significant learning disability with a notable prevalence in children.
    • The condition appears stable in approximately half of affected individuals in the short term.
    • Further research is needed to understand the long-term prognosis and broader impacts of DC on individuals' lives.